ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATE- Recent progress in hemodialyzer design suggests that small, portable and potentially wearable artificial kidneys are not only feasible but may indeed be available for clinical application in the near future. Efficient hemodialysis, however, remains dependent upon high dialysate flow rates to reduce fluid film resistance to solute transfer and large dialysate volumes to maintain maximal blood to dialysate concentration gradients for uraemic metabolites. These requirements preclude the attainment of a wearable or practical potable dialysis system configuration.