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Preparation of cellulose nanocrystals by solid catalyst zirconium phosphate assisted hydrolysis from spent mushroom substrate
In this research, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared by solid catalyst zirconium phosphate assisted hydrolysis method from spent mushroom substrate. Compared with traditional acid hydrolysis method, this method is simpler to operate and more eco-friendly. The effect of ultrasonication time, ultrasonication temperature and the concentration of diluted sulfuric acid on the yield of CNCs were investigated.
The results showed that the yield of CNCs reached 42.80%, when ultrasonication time was 5h, ultrasonication temperature was 75℃ and the concentration of diluted sulfuric acid was 12.3%. The microstructure ,morphology, spectrum properties and the crystal structure of CNCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively.
The results showed that the yield of CNCs reached 42.80%, when ultrasonication time was 5h, ultrasonication temperature was 75℃ and the concentration of diluted sulfuric acid was 12.3%. The microstructure ,morphology, spectrum properties and the crystal structure of CNCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively.
The SEM and TEM showed that CNCs were rod-like with diameters of 10－30nm, and the FTIR analysis showed that the CNCs still kept the basic chemical structure of cellulose. The XRD pattern showed that the CNCs presented the crystal form of cellulose I. Compared with the spent mushroom substrate, the crystallinity of CNCs increased from 63.79% to 81.04%. This research proposed a new approach to efficient utilization of the spent mushroom substrate.
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